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Table 2 Adjusted incidence rate ratios (aIRR) of intervention versus baseline periods for the outcome CLABSI with any pathogen, CLABSI with gram-positive pathogens, CLABSI with CoNS and CLABSI with gram-negative bacteria according to study group (post-hoc analysis)

From: Central-line associated bloodstream infections in intensive care units before and after implementation of daily antiseptic bathing with chlorhexidine or octenidine: a post-hoc analysis of a cluster-randomised controlled trial

Outcome

Chlorhexidine

Octenidine

Routine care (control arm)

aIRR (95% CI)

P value

P value (Type III)

aIRR (95% CI)

P value

P value (Type III)

aIRR (95% CI)

P value

P value (Type III)

CLABSI with any pathogen

 Baseline period

1 = reference

 

0.0172*

1 = reference

 

0.5111

1 = reference

 

0.9190

 Intervention period

0.63 (0.46–0.87)

0.0055

 

1.17 (0.79–1.72)

0.4394

 

0.98 (0.60–1.58)

0.9193

 

 Mechanical ventilation use (per 1%)

1.02 (1.01–1.03)

0.0043

0.0420*

1.01 (0.99–1.02)

0.3808

0.4730

1.02 (0.99–1.04)

0.1505

0.1589

 Length of stay (per 1 day)

0.98 (0.87–1.10)

0.6778

0.6712

1.14 (1.06–1.22)

0.0003

0.1134

1.01 (0.89–1.15)

0.8716

0.8754

CLABSI with gram-positive bacteria

 Baseline period

1 = reference

 

0.0580

1 = reference

 

0.3077

1 = reference

 

0.9610

 Intervention period

0.55 (0.34–0.90)

0.0176

 

1.46 (0.86–2.50)

0.1651

 

0.99 (0.55–1.78)

0.9607

 

 Mechanical ventilation use (per 1%)

1.02 (1.00–1.03)

0.0280

0.0730

1.00 (0.99–1.02)

0.5746

0.6239

1.02 (0.99–1.04)

0.1495

0.1973

 Length of stay (per 1 day)

0.94 (0.86–1.04)

0.2440

0.2920

1.11 (0.98–1.25)

0.1172

0.2663

1.04 (0.92–1.18)

0.5404

0.5173

CLABSI with CoNS

 Baseline period

1 = reference

 

0.0359*

1 = reference

 

0.4452

1 = reference

 

0.9252

 Intervention period

0.38 (0.19–0.74)

0.0043

 

1.62 (0.63–4.17)

0.3134

 

1.02 (0.64–1.65)

0.9257

 

 Mechanical ventilation use (per 1%)

1.03 (1–1.05)

0.0295

0.0990

1.01 (0.99–1.02)

0.2205

0.2804

1.02 (1–1.04)

0.0604

0.1473

 Length of stay (per 1 day)

0.95 (0.88–1.03)

0.1786

0.2959

1.05 (0.87–1.27)

0.6020

0.6692

1.01 (0.88–1.17)

0.8531

0.8592

CLABSI with gram-negative bacteria

 Baseline period

1 = reference

 

0.6008

1 = reference

 

0.4507

1 = reference

 

0.2151

 Intervention period

0.79 (0.34–1.84)

0.5825

 

0.79 (0.46–1.37)

0.4067

 

1.5 (0.95–2.37)

0.0792

 

 Mechanical ventilation use (per 1%)

1.01 (0.98–1.04)

0.4426

0.5020

1 (0.98–1.03)

0.7811

0.7880

1.01 (0.97–1.04)

0.7374

0.7262

 Length of stay (per 1 day)

1.07 (0.95–1.21)

0.2633

0.3005

1.28 (1.2–1.36)

 < .0001

0.0313

1.05 (0.82–1.36)

0.6844

0.7248

  1. CLABSI, central line associated bloodstream infection. 95% CI, 95% confidence interval. aIRR, adjusted incidence rate ratios. GEE, generalised estimated equation model. Separate GEE models were based on monthly aggregated data, negative binomial distribution, accounted for clustering effects and were calculated with the log number of CL days as offset variable. Parameters considered in all models were mechanical ventilation use and length of stay. * P values (type III test) < 0.05 were considered significant
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Antimicrobial Resistance & Infection Control

ISSN: 2047-2994

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