Long-term exposure to food-grade disinfectants causes cross-resistance to antibiotics in Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium strains with different antibiograms and sequence types

Table 2 Antibiotics that were screened for MIC in this study. A group of 14 clinically important antibiotics belonging to 9 antibiotic classes were tested for MIC

Antibiotic class	Antibiotic agent	Abbreviation	Breakpoint (μg/mL)^a
Antibiotic class	Antibiotic agent	Abbreviation	S	I	R
β-lactam	Ampicillin	AMP	≤ 8	16	≥ 32
β-lactam	Amoxicillin-clavulanate	AMC	≤ 8/4	16/8	≥ 32/16
Aminoglycoside	Gentamicin	GEN	≤ 4	8	≥ 16
	Kanamycin	KAN	≤ 16	32	≥ 64
	Streptomycin^b	STR	≤ 8	16	≥ 32
Tetracycline	Tetracycline	TET	≤ 4	8	≥ 16
Macrolide	Azithromycin	AZI	≤ 16	–	≥ 32
Quinolone	Nalidixic acid	NAL	≤ 16	–	≥ 32
Quinolone	Ciprofloxacin	CIP	≤ 0.06	0.12–0.5	≥ 1
Phenicol	Chloramphenicol	CHL	≤ 8	16	≥ 32
Folate pathway inhibitor	Trimethoprim-sulfmethaxazole	TST	≤ 2/38	–	≥ 4/76
Cephem	Ceftiofur	CF	≤ 2	4	≥ 8
Cephem	Cefoxitin	CX	≤ 8	16	≥ 32
Carbapenem	Imipenem	IMI	≤ 1	2	≥ 4

ISSN: 2047-2994