Table 4 Bivariate and multivariable ordinal logistic regression on factors associated with hcws compliance in public hospitals Addis Ababa, Ethiopia 2023 (n = 422)

Age

21–30

1.06(1.03, 1.09)*

1.05 (1, 1.1)**

Sex

Female

0.68(0.47, 0.96)*

0.8 (0.53, 1.22)

Marital status

Married

1.83(1.28, 2.63)*

1.21 (0.76, 1.95)

Others

2.14(0.50, 8.99)

0.81 (0.12, 5.22)

Educational status

Degree

1.12(0.52, 2.39)

0.89 (0.36, 2.22)

Master and above

3.47(1.47, 8.17)*

2.39 (0.85, 6.74)

Work Experience

3–5 years

1.99(1.06, 3.73)*

1.93 (0.92, 4.01)

5–8 years

4.09(2.20, 7.58)*

2.43 (1.12, 5.27)**

> 8 years

4.29(2.30, 7.97)*

0.95 (0.35, 2.56)

Department

Surgical ward

0.83(0.43, 1.61)

0.82 (0.38, 1.77)

Intensive care unit

2.89(1.36, 6.13)*

2.63 (1.08, 6.44)**

Emergency

1.02(0.55, 1.89)

0.97 (0.47, 2.03)

OPD

2.00(0.89, 4.48)

2.57 (0.99, 6.66)

Gyn&Obs

3.17(1.47, 6.81)*

3.87 (1.53, 9.75)**

Laboratory

0.56(0.26, 1.22)

0.22 (0.03, 1.46)

Others

0.92(0.20, 4.20)

0.61 (0.12, 3.13)

Profession

Nurses/Midwife

2.31(1.45, 3.68)*

2.3 (1.30, 4.04)**

Laboratory personnel

0.97(0.46, 2.02)

4.21 (0.6, 29.48)

Training on IPC

Yes

1.85(1.24, 2.74)*

1.81 (1.06, 3.09)**

COVID-19 Vaccination

Yes

1.78(1.16, 2.74)*

1.62 (0.95, 2.75)

Knowledge of SPs

Sub-optimal

1.79(1.02, 3.12)*

1.58 (0.81, 3.07)

Optimal

4.98(2.96, 8.37)*

3.46 (1.83, 6.54)**

Presence of guidelines on SPs

Yes

1.54(1.04, 2.27)*

0.67 (0.4, 1.13)

Presence of a mechanism to support/enforce IPC practice

Yes

2.66(1.78, 3.96)*

1.71 (1.01, 2.89)**

PPE availability

Yes, but not continuously available in sufficient quantities

1.47(0.96, 2.27)

1.32 (0.74, 2.35)

Yes, continuously available in sufficient quantities

2.11(1.32, 3.37)*

1.34 (0.69, 2.6)

Presence of different bins per their types of waste

Separate bins present but more than ¾, only two bins (instead of three)

1.28(0.67, 2.47)

1.08 (0.49, 2.38)

Yes

1.99(1.03, 3.83)*

1.95 (0.85, 4.45)

Water services availability all the time in sufficient quantities for all uses

Yes, available on average > 5 days/week/every day but not in sufficient quantity

1.07(0.72, 1.60)

0.62 (0.36, 1.08)

Yes, every day and of sufficient quantity

1.78(1.12, 2.85)*

0.84 (0.43, 1.64)

Functioning hand hygiene stations (alcohol-based hand rub, soap, and water)

Yes, stations are present, but supplies are not reliably available

1.29(0.83, 2.02)

1.03 (0.56, 1.88)

Yes, with reliably available resources

1.50(0.93, 2.43)

0.7 (0.34, 1.43)

Working environment flow pattern and activity controlled

Yes

1.53(1.07, 2.18)*

0.83 (0.51, 1.34)

Adequate and sustainable supply of cleaning and disinfecting agent

Yes, sometimes there is a disruption

2.08(1.28, 3.39)*

2.18 (1.15, 4.13)**

Yes, always available

2.99(1.68, 5.33)*

1.75 (0.78, 3.95)

Adequate staffing

Yes

1.36(0.95, 1.95)

1.35 (0.84, 2.16)