Table 1 Items included in the short version of the infection prevention and control assessment framework (IPCAF) questionnaire, scoring system, and survey responses (N = 42)
Survey item | Score | Results – n (%) |
|---|---|---|
A. Do you use multimodal strategies to implement infection prevention and control (IPC) interventions? | ||
• No/Unknown | 0 | 0 |
• Yes | 1 | 42 (100) |
B. Do your multimodal strategies include any or all of the following? | ||
System change | ||
• Element not included in multimodal strategies | 0 | 6 (14.29) |
• Interventions to ensure the necessary infrastructure and continuous availability of supplies are in place | 1 | 19 (45.24) |
• Interventions to ensure the necessary infrastructure and continuous availability of supplies are in place, further ergonomics and accessibility are addressed (e.g. best placement of central venous catheter set and tray) | 2 | 17 (40.48) |
Education and training | ||
• Element not included in multimodal strategies | 0 | 2 (4.76) |
• Written information and/or oral instructions and/or e-learning only | 1 | 10 (23.81) |
• Additional interactive training sessions (including simulations and/or bedside training) | 2 | 30 (71.43) |
Monitoring and feedback | ||
• Element not included in multimodal strategies | 0 | 0 |
• Monitoring compliance through process and outcome indicators (e.g. hand hygiene audits or catheterization practices) | 1 | 20 (47.62) |
• Monitoring compliance and providing timely feedback of monitoring results to healthcare professionals and other key players | 2 | 22 (52.38) |
Communication and reminder | ||
• Element not included in multimodal strategies | 0 | 1 (2.38) |
• Reminders, posters or other advocacy/awareness-raising tools to promote the intervention | 1 | 15 (35.71) |
• Additional initiatives to improve team communication across units and disciplines (e.g. by establishing regular case conferences and feedback rounds) | 2 | 26 (61.91) |
Safety climate and culture of change | ||
• Element not included in multimodal strategies | 0 | 9 (21.43) |
• Managers/leaders show visible support and act as champions and role models, promoting an adaptive approach aimed at strengthening a culture that supports IPC, patient safety and quality | 1 | 25 (59.52) |
• In addition, teams and individuals are empowered so that they perceive ownership of the intervention (e.g. by participatory feedback rounds) | 2 | 8 (19.05) |
C. Is a multidisciplinary team used to implement multimodal strategies? | ||
• No/Unknown | 0 | 2 (4.76) |
• Yes | 1 | 40 (95.24) |
D. Do you regularly link to colleagues from quality improvement and patient safety to develop and promote multimodal strategies for IPC? | ||
• No/Unknown | 0 | 9 (21.43) |
• Yes | 1 | 33 (78.57) |
E. Do these strategies include bundles or checklists? | ||
• No/Unknown | 0 | 5 (11.91) |
• Yes | 1 | 37 (88.1) |