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Table 1 Selected countries AMR National Surveillance Programs

From: Surveillance of antimicrobial resistance in low- and middle-income countries: a scattered picture

Countries

Bangladesh

Brazil

India

Lebanon

Malaysia

South Africa

Ukraine

Populationa

163.05 million

211.05 million

1.37 billion

6.86 million

31.95 million

58.56 million

41.98 million

World bank country classification by income[66]

LMIC

UMIC

LMIC

UMIC

UMIC

UMIC

LMIC

GLASS-AMRa

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

yes

No

National action plana

In place

In place

In place

In place

In place

In place

Developedb

National coordinating centera

Established

Established

Established

Established

Established

Established

 

Number of enrolled national surveillance centersa

8

18

130

30

110

353

 

 Number of enrolled hospitals

0

11

65

30

42

350

 

 In patient/outpatient facilities

8 Inpatient/ Outpatient facilities

7 outpatient facilities

65 outpatient facilities

0

68 outpatient facilities

3 outpatient facilities

Tertiary care hospitalsb

AST Standarda

CLSI

EUCAST/CLSI

CLSI

EUCAST/CLSI

EUCAST/CLSI

EUCAST/CLSI

EUCASTb

National Reference Laboratorya

Established

Established

Established

Established

Established

Established

In progressb

EQA

Provided

Provided

Not provided

Not reported

Provided

Provided

Providedb

Number of laboratories performing ASTa

8

11

41

30

43

50

5b

 AST provided for GLASS pathogens

Some pathogens

 

Some pathogens

Some pathogens

All pathogens

All pathogens

All pathogens for CAESARb

 EQA provided for bacterial identificationa

Some labs

Not provided

All labs

Some labs

All labs

All labs

All labsb

  1. AMR, Antimicrobial Resistance; CLSI, Clinical and Laboratory Standard Institute; EUCAST, European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing; GLASS, Global Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance System; EQA, External Quality Assessment
  2. aWorld Health Organization. Global antimicrobial resistance surveillance system (GLASS) report: early implementation 2020
  3. bWorld Health Organization. Central Asian and Eastern European Surveillance of Antimicrobial Resistance: Annual report 2019