Palma E, Tilocca B, Roncada P. Antimicrobial resistance in veterinary medicine: an overview. Int J Mol Sci. 2020;21(6):1914.
Article
CAS
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Hsia Y, Sharland M, Jackson C, Wong IC, Magrini N, Bielicki JA. Consumption of oral antibiotic formulations for young children according to the WHO Access, Watch, Reserve (AWaRe) antibiotic groups: an analysis of sales data from 70 middle-income and high-income countries. Lancet Infect Dis. 2019;19(1):67–75.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Golfeshan E, Heidari S, Abbasi M, Vahedian M, Dehghani Khorramabadi H, Abdi B, et al. Investigation on the States of antibiotics prescription in hospitals in Qom, Iran, during 2019. Qom Univ Med Sci J. 2020;14(5):12–21.
Article
Google Scholar
Kern WV. Rational prescription of antibiotics in human medicine. Bundesgesundheitsblatt Gesundheitsforschung Gesundheitsschutz. 2018;61(5):580–8.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
van der Zande MM, Dembinsky M, Aresi G, van Staa TP. General practitioners’ accounts of negotiating antibiotic prescribing decisions with patients: a qualitative study on what influences antibiotic prescribing in low, medium and high prescribing practices. BMC Fam Pract. 2019;20(1):1–1.
Article
Google Scholar
World Health Organization. Report of the 6th meeting of the WHO advisory group on integrated surveillance of antimicrobial resistance with AGISAR 5-year strategic framework to support implementation of the global action plan on antimicrobial resistance (2015–2019), 10–12 June 2015, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Murni IK, Duke T, Kinney S, Daley AJ, Soenarto Y. Reducing hospital-acquired infections and improving the rational use of antibiotics in a developing country: an effectiveness study. Arch Dis Child. 2015;100(5):454–9.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Haddadin RN, Alsous M, Wazaify M, Tahaineh L. Evaluation of antibiotic dispensing practice in community pharmacies in Jordan: A cross sectional study. PLoS ONE. 2019;14(4): e0216115.
Article
CAS
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Ali M, Naureen H, Tariq MH, Farrukh MJ, Usman A, Khattak S, Ahsan H. Rational use of antibiotics in an intensive care unit: a retrospective study of the impact on clinical outcomes and mortality rate. Infect Drug Resistance. 2019;12:493.
Article
CAS
Google Scholar
Ofori-Asenso R, Brhlikova P, Pollock AM. Prescribing indicators at primary health care centers within the WHO African region: a systematic analysis (1995–2015). BMC Public Health. 2016;16(1):1–4.
Google Scholar
Vakili-Arki H, Aalaei S, Farrokhi M, Nabovati E, Saberi MR, Eslami S. A survey of perceptions, attitudes and practices regarding the antibiotic prescription among Iranian physicians. Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther. 2019;17(9):741–8.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Hashemi S, Nasrollah A, Rajabi M. Irrational antibiotic prescribing: a local issue or global concern? EXCLI J. 2013;12:384.
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Dadgostar P. Antimicrobial resistance: implications and costs. Infect Drug Resistance. 2019;12:3903.
Article
CAS
Google Scholar
Chirico F. The key role of government national planning around the world for antimicrobial resistance: State of the art and perspectives. J Health Soc Sci. 2018;3(1):9–12.
Google Scholar
Majumder MA, Rahman S, Cohall D, Bharatha A, Singh K, Haque M, Gittens-St HM. Antimicrobial stewardship: fighting antimicrobial resistance and protecting global public health. Infect Drug Resistance. 2020;13:4713.
Article
CAS
Google Scholar
Le Doare K, Barker CI, Irwin A, Sharland M. Improving antibiotic prescribing for children in the resource-poor setting. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 2015;79(3):446–55.
Article
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Gillani SW, Vippadapu P, Gulam SM. Physician-reported barriers and challenges to antibiotic prescribing in surgical prophylaxis: a structured systematic review. J Pharm Health Serv Res. 2021;12(3):444–51.
Article
Google Scholar
Shojaeizadeh N, Keyvanara M, Safaeian L, Karimi S. Identification of financial incentives in irrational use and prescribing of drugs: a qualitative study. Iran J Health Insur. 2019;2(1):14–20.
Google Scholar
Krockow EM, Colman AM, Chattoe-Brown E, Jenkins DR, Perera N, Mehtar S, Tarrant C. Balancing the risks to individual and society: a systematic review and synthesis of qualitative research on antibiotic prescribing behavior in hospitals. J Hosp Infect. 2019;101(4):428–39.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Hanafi S, Poormalek F, Torkamandi H, Hajimiri M, Esmaeili M, Khooie SH, Gholami K, Hayatshahi A, Javadi M. Evaluation of community pharmacists’ knowledge, attitude and practice towards good pharmacy practice in Iran. J Pharm Care. 2013;1(1):19–24.
Speziale HS, Streubert HJ, Carpenter DR. Qualitative research in nursing: advancing the humanistic imperative. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2011.
Doyle L, McCabe C, Keogh B, Brady A, McCann M. An overview of the qualitative descriptive design within nursing research. J Res Nurs. 2020;25(5):443–55.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Graneheim UH, Lundman B. Qualitative content analysis in nursing research: concepts, procedures and measures to achieve trustworthiness. Nurse Educ Today. 2004;24(2):105–12.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Bengtsson M. How to plan and perform a qualitative study using content analysis. NursingPlus open. 2016;1(2):8–14.
Article
Google Scholar
Kyngäs H, Mikkonen K, Kääriäinen M, editors. The application of content analysis in nursing science research. Springer Nature; 2019.
Connelly LM. Trustworthiness in qualitative research. Medsurg Nurs. 2016;25(6):435.
PubMed
Google Scholar
Liu C, Liu C, Wang D, Zhang X. Knowledge, attitudes and intentions to prescribe antibiotics: a structural equation modeling study of primary care institutions in Hubei, China. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2019;16(13):2385.
Article
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Thriemer K, Katuala Y, Batoko B, Alworonga JP, Devlieger H, Van Geet C, Ngbonda D, Jacobs J. Antibiotic prescribing in DR Congo: a knowledge, attitude and practice survey among medical doctors and students. PLoS ONE. 2013;8(2): e55495.
Article
CAS
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Afrasiabian S, Hajibagheri K, Roshani D, Zandsalimi S, Barari M, Mohsenpour B. Investigation of the knowledge, attitude and performance of the physicians in regard to rational antibiotic prescription. Sci J Kurdistan Univ Med Sci. 2017;22(1):25–35.
Astuti D, Andrajati R, Supardi S. Influence of pharmacist–doctor communication on pediatric antibiotic prescriptions. Asian J Pharm Clin Res. 2017;1(10):46–9.
Article
Google Scholar
Broom A, Broom J, Kirby E, Plage S, Adams J. What role do pharmacists play in mediating antibiotic use in hospitals? A qualitative study. BMJ Open. 2015;5(11): e008326.
Article
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Wang H, Wang H, Yu X, Zhou H, Li B, Chen G, Ye Z, Wang Y, Cui X, Zheng Y, Zhao R. Impact of antimicrobial stewardship managed by clinical pharmacists on antibiotic use and drug resistance in a Chinese hospital, 2010–2016: a retrospective observational study. BMJ Open. 2019;9(8): e026072.
Article
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Brookes-Howell L, Hood K, Cooper L, Coenen S, Little P, Verheij T, Godycki-Cwirko M, Melbye H, Krawczyk J, Borras-Santos A, Jakobsen K. Clinical influences on antibiotic prescribing decisions for lower respiratory tract infection: a nine country qualitative study of variation in care. BMJ Open. 2012;2(3): e000795.
Article
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Petursson P. GPs’ reasons for “non-pharmacological” prescribing of antibiotics A phenomenological study. Scand J Prim Health Care. 2005;23(2):120–5.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Butler CC, Simpson SA, Dunstan F, Rollnick S, Cohen D, Gillespie D, Evans MR, Alam MF, Bekkers MJ, Evans J, Moore L. Effectiveness of multifaceted educational programme to reduce antibiotic dispensing in primary care: practice based randomised controlled trial. BMJ. 2012;2:344.
Google Scholar
Keyvanara M, Safaeian L, Shojaeizadeh N, Karimi S. Do continuing medical education programs improve drug prescribing status in Iran? A qualitative study. Sadra Med J. 2019;7(3):261–72.
Google Scholar
Munoz-Plaza CE, Parry C, Hahn EE, Tang T, Nguyen HQ, Gould MK, Kanter MH, Sharp AL. Integrating qualitative research methods into care improvement efforts within a learning health system: addressing antibiotic overuse. Health Res Policy Syst. 2016;14(1):1.
Article
Google Scholar
Stenehjem E, Hyun DY, Septimus E, Yu KC, Meyer M, Raj D, Srinivasan A. Antibiotic stewardship in small hospitals: barriers and potential solutions. Clin Infect Dis. 2017;65(4):691–6.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Fleming A, Bradley C, Cullinan S, Byrne S. Antibiotic prescribing in long-term care facilities: a qualitative, multidisciplinary investigation. BMJ Open. 2014;4(11): e006442.
Article
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Ghoddoosi-Nejad D, Jannati A, Doshmangir L, Arab-Zozani M, Imani A. Stewardship as a fundamental challenge in strategic purchasing of health services: a case study of Iran. Value Health Reg Issues. 2019;1(18):54–8.
Article
Google Scholar
Babbar A, et al. Irrational use of drugs – a review. Am J Pharm Health Res 2019;70(1):1–11.
Eteraf-Oskouei T, Mohammadi Y, Najafi M. Evaluating the causes of non-standard prescription and drug use in Iran and its improvement strategies from the viewpoint of pharmacy students of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences. Depiction Health. 2019;10(3):180–8.
Google Scholar
Keller F, Marczewski K, Pavlovic D. The relationship between the physician and pharmaceutical industry: background ethics and regulation proposals. Croat Med J. 2016;57(4):398–401.
Article
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Wilkinson A, Ebata A, MacGregor H. Interventions to reduce antibiotic prescribing in LMICs: a scoping review of evidence from human and animal health systems. Antibiotics. 2018;8(1):2.
Article
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Sulis G, Adam P, Nafade V, Gore G, Daniels B, Daftary A, Das J, Gandra S, Pai M. Antibiotic prescription practices in primary care in low-and middle-income countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS Med. 2020;17(6): e1003139.
Article
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar